Showing posts with label should. Show all posts
Showing posts with label should. Show all posts

Saturday, March 10, 2012

You Should Probably Change Your PIN Now; Here’s How to Remember Your New, Secure PIN [Security]

You Should Probably Change Your PIN Now; Hereâ??s How to Remember Your New, Secure PIN If a new study by the Cambridge University Computer Laboratory is correct, most of your ATM or debit card PINs are either "1111" or "1234." You may think it's okay because someone would need physical access to your card to use the PIN, right? Wrong. Here's why you should change your PIN right away, and some hacks to help you can remember your new one.

You Should Probably Change Your PIN Now; Hereâ??s How to Remember Your New, Secure PIN

Mashable reports (and the study confirms) that the issue of simple, repetitive, and easy-to-guess PINs is so widespread that if a thief managed to steal enough cards they would be able to walk up to an ATM or go to a store and use every 18th card like cash with the correct PIN. Sure, if you lose your wallet you can just call the bank to have your card canceled and a new one issued to you, but in an age of card skimming, where the thief doesn't need your physical card to make a copy of it for themselves, you may not notice that your account has been compromised until it's too late and your money's been withdrawn. Photo by Cory Doctorow.

The Cambridge University study affirms that most of us are terrible at picking passwords and PINs, especially when they're things we know we'll have to remember, and when they're in the confines of a narrow system like "four digits only." The study also pointed out that we're not terribly private about our PINs either, and close to 50% of the people who participated admitted to sharing their PINs with others freely, and a third of the participants used the same PIN for all of their cards—which is about as bad as using the same password for all of the web sites you log in to. Others thought they were more secure because they used their birthdate as their PIN, forgetting that if their wallet is lost, there's likely some document also in the wallet with their birthdate printed on it.

So whether it's using the same PIN, using your birthdate, writing the PIN down and keeping it in your wallet, or giving out your PIN to other people, you can see why it's time to change it. Even if you know how to keep physical control over your wallet and your ATM and credit cards, it's still more likely that your wallet will be lost or stolen than it is someone breaks into your computer and takes all of your passwords.

When you're ready to change your PIN, come up with four new numbers, and steer clear of numbers that can easily be mapped to information that's readily available about you—or worse, may be in your wallet if it's stolen. Try to avoid pet names mapped out on the keypad, or picking numbers that line up on the keypad and are easily guessed, like "1472" or "3692." Try to avoid the last four digits of your social security number, or your phone number, as well. Once you have a sufficiently random series of digits, here are some tips to help you remember.

Spell out a word with your PIN. Use a site like Phone Spell to find out what words your PIN spells on a phone or ATM keypad. Alternatively, if you're still trying to come up with a PIN, type in a word that's easy for you to remember, and the site will give you a PIN from the numbers each letter corresponds to on a numpad.You Should Probably Change Your PIN Now; Hereâ??s How to Remember Your New, Secure PIN Make a sentence from your PIN. Mind Your Decisions suggests you pick a random series of numbers, and then take the first letters of each word for each number, and then build a mnemonic around those letters. For example, if my PIN is 5642, the words are "Five, Six, Four, Two." I take the FSFT first letters, and come up with a sentence to help me remember, like "First Standing, First Toppled" to lead me back to the PIN. That way any random series of numbers is suddenly easy to remmeber."Encrypt" your PIN in your phone, or on paper. Most banks will tell you never to write your PIN down, and especially not to keep your PIN somewhere it could be lost with your ATM or credit card. Mind Your Decisions also notes that you can "encrypt" your PIN by injecting useless numbers and then writing it down. For example, if my PIN is 5642, I could jot down 05060402 on an index card and keep it in my wallet. That's easy to guess, so to make it more difficult, I could use the numbers next to the ones in my PIN, like 56674523, or another four digits, where only I know that every other digit is meaningless. Take it a step further and add your PIN as a contact in your mobile phone, complete with this "encryption," and you'll never forget your PIN again. It's not bulletproof, but if you're the type who needs to write down your PIN anyway, it's better than no obscurity.Pick a number that means something to you but nothing to anyone else. If you have a private, personal series of numbers that you can remember and cannot be easily tied to some other readily available information about you then go for it. You're still stuck with four digits, so if they're four digits you'll remember but no one will guess, you're all set. If it's something like your dog's birthday, the last four digits of your best friend's call phone number, or any other series of digits highly unlikely to be in your wallet and equally unlikely information to be easily available to a thief, it's fair game.Use math to conceal your PIN. Another, more advanced suggestion is to use Modular Arithmetic to secure your PIN. Here's how it works: you know how difficult it is to fool yourself into getting up earlier because you set your clock back 5 minutes? You'll always look at the clock and know to subtract 5 minutes to get the real time, right? The same principle applies to your PIN. Take a random PIN, like 5642, and then add 5 (mod 10) to each digit: 101197. Then, drop the excess numbers, and your result is 0197. (Thanks for the correction, area_educator!) It's a simple code, but it works, and the key is in your head.Get the bank to reset your PIN. If doesn't preclude any of the tips above, but one way to make sure your PIN is a random series of digits is to make the bank reset it, mail you the new PIN, and then force yourself to use whatever they assign you. You can use the mnemonic trick to make it easier to remember, or you can just brute force the number into memory and call it a day. Painful, but it works.

In the end, the method you use to remember your PIN is best decided by how likely you are to embrace the technique and eventually remember the numbers without having to write them down or fall back on something that's easily guessed or otherwise obtained. Regardless of what you choose, if your PIN is "1111" or "1234" or even some variation on the theme, pick a new PIN, for your bank account's sake.

How do you remember your ATM PIN? Do you use a technique like the ones above, or just pick a special number that only you know? Do you give out your PIN to family members or friends? Share your thoughts—and security suggestions—in the comments below.

Title image by redspotted.

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Sunday, March 4, 2012

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should Know [Video]

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should KnowThe fantasy of an impending zombie apocalypse may inspire urban survival fantasies in the most level-headed of us, but zombie apocalypse or not, knowing how to survive the breakdown of social amenities we take for granted is a legitimate skill. Here's a look at the basic urban survival skills you need to know catered to your skill set.

Previously we took a look at the wilderness survival skills everyone should know, and a number of those skills apply here, but the daily and significant challenges in a city transform the types of skills needed and methods of survival.

To help get a good understanding of what's needed for urban survival, I talked with Dr. Arthur Bradley, author of The Handbook to Practical Disaster Preparedness for the Family and Disaster Preparedness for EMP Attacks and Solar Storms. He points to three types of survival skills people latch onto:

The Stockpiler: someone with a wide assortment of supplies but very little knowledge of how to actually do anything.The MacGyver: someone who can jury rig anything with duct tape, a pencil, and a pack of chewing gum.The Survivalist: someone who can find dinner in an old stump and keep warm using a roll of toilet paper and a rusty coffee can.

We'll guide you along the path to applying each type of skill to the main factors of survival: shelter, water, food, and rescue. Before we go into the specifics for each survivalist, we're going to look at the most important skill that applies to everyone: safety.

We all face dangerous situations on a daily basis and most of us live in an area where at least some type of natural disaster is possible. If you know how to react to situations then you get out of them safely, so let's look at a few scenarios you may find yourself in at some point.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should KnowDaily life has it's own perils and while it's impossible to prepare for everything, it's likely you will find yourself in one of these instances at some point.

What to do when someone breaks into your home: If you wake up to a burglar in your house, you first reaction is probably to hide under the bed as quickly as possible. That's not the best approach. Instead, barricade your bedroom door, call the police, and listen closely for the burglar. If they approach the door get out of a window and leave if possible. If flight isn't an option, grab some type of weapon from room and attack if they try to enter.How to get out of a mob: It seems like once a year around Black Friday we hear about someone getting injured in a mob of people. When a mob reacts, it starts to stampede and that's when things get dangerous. Survivalist Bear Grylls offers these suggestions: Stay on your feet. If you fall, cover your head and move sideways toward the wall. Once you're at the wall, stand up and make your way to the exit.How to know you're being followed and what you should do: The easiest way to see if you're being followed is to start making erratic movements. Cross the street a few times, take three or four left turns, or start walking faster. Just be careful not to lead your pursuer down an alley. If the person is still on your tail, duck into a safe building. If you're in the city, this means a whatever business is open. If no business is available, go for a safe looking house. This might mean a home with children's toys outside, a pleasant looking set of window shades, or a nice welcome mat. Call for the police as soon as you can. If you do have to run, throw as many objects as you can between you and your pursuer.Basic self-defense: If a chaser does catch up to you, basic self-defense is key. Chances are you're not fighting a ninja and as we've noted before one of the most important facets to staying alive in an assault is knowing where to hit. Go for the head, ears, groin, or knees when you can. Most importantly, don't stick around when you knock them down. Get out as soon as possible.

While the above dangers are certainly terrible, they don't hold a candle to what mother nature can throw at you. Photo by christine592.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should KnowDepending on where you live you will probably encounter some type of natural disaster in your life. Thankfully, most natural disasters have simple and easy to remember procedures for when you're caught in them.

Earthquakes—Drop, Cover, Hold On: This one is pretty simple. If you feel an earthquake, hit the ground, get under cover of some type, and hold onto anything you can. This prevents the risk of objects falling on your head.Floods: Floods are pretty simple: tune into the radio and do exactly what you're told. Depending on where you live, you'll be ordered to evacuate or not. If you can't leave, get to the highest point you can as quickly as possible.Fires—Stop, Drop, and Roll: We all know "Stop, Drop, and Roll" works when you're on fire, but it's also important to know how to escape a building that's on fire. If you're in a fire, hit the floor and cover your face with a damp cloth. Make your way to the closest exit, but remember you can't touch the handle of the door. We've mentioned how to break down a door before and it's pretty easy. If the door swings outward, kick it near the handle because it's the weakest point. If it opens inward, you can't kick it down, but if you can find a hammer, you can knock out the pins on the hinges to take the door off.Tornadoes and Hurricanes: If you can, go to a tornado or hurricane shelter in your neighborhood. If that's not a possibility, head to a low level room without windows and cover yourself with something heavy. A mattress works best, but if one isn't available, get under blankets. If you're out in the open, move to the lowest point and lay down.

Knowing what to do in case of disasters is just the first step. The four keys to survival: shelter, food, water, and rescue are important to all of us regardless of what situation causes us to lose them. Three types of people exist in these situations, so we'll break down the types of skill needed dependent on the type of person you see yourself as. Photo by DFID - UK Department for International Development.

Not having shelter is a dangerous situation. Thankfully, a city provides a lot of ways to get shelter no matter what happened. Let's take a look at what you need for shelter in the city and how you can make the most out of what you can find.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should KnowThe stockpilier has every supply needed in their own home so looking for shelter isn't a necessity. Store a few key items to keep you warm. Most likely, you already have a number of these items scattered in your home, but it's still best to keep a separate set with your stockpiled goods (we'll detail these in the in the next section) in case you can't get to the rest of the house. Here's what you need:

Several warm blankets or sleeping bags for each person.Change of clothes for several different climates.Disposable heat packs for warmth.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should Know For the MacGyver type, a lock picking skill can come in handy when looking for shelter because you can get into any building (including your own home if you lock your keys inside). The video to the left shows you how to pick a lock with a couple of paperclips and we've shown you a few other ways to pick lock before. It's a handy skill in case of an emergency. You can also pick a padlock with a soda can, or make your own lock pick set from a windshield wiper if you need to.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should Know Dr. Bradley notes that those who are most likely to survive are the ones who scavenge materials into something useful. If you're a survivalist this is your primary skill. In the case of shelter, a car provides everything you need. Dr. Bradley elaborates:

Those who treat a vehicle as a resource that can be cannibalized (such as burning fuel, oil, and tires, using carpet/upholstery as makeshift blankets or clothing, using headlamp reflectors to start a fire or signal for help, sticking floor mats under the wheels of a stuck vehicle) tend to live much longer than those who only see it as a shelter.

A car can provide you with shelter, warmth, and supplies. They're also easier to get into than buildings if you're looking for quick and safe shelter in an emergency.

Once you have shelter it's time to hunt down water. Just like in the wilderness you have to make sure water is purified, but it's easy to do in the city, even if your tap isn't dispensing water. Here's how to do it.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should KnowStockpilers don't need to worry about purification as much as having enough water available. It's recommended you keep one gallon of water on hand per person for each day. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) recommends keeping bottled water in a cool, dark place. Commercially purchased bottles of water will have an expiration date on them and you should follow it and replace old bottles when they expire. Most plastic bottles have a two year lifespan. Photo by Abdulla Al Muhairi.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should Know The simplest MacGyver method for purifying water is to mix it with a little bleach. It might not make sense to drink bleach, but according to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) you can purify water by adding 1/8 teaspoon of non-scented bleach to a gallon of clear water or 1/4 teaspoon of non-scented bleach to one gallon of cloudy water. Mix the bleach in well and wait 30 minutes before drinking the water.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should Know According to FEMA, you can easily collect safe drinking water from a hot water heater. To do this, cut the power to the water heater, close the valve to the water supply, open the valve on the bottom of the water heater, and finally, turn on a sink somewhere in the house. Drinkable water will pour out of the heater, but be careful you're not getting any dirt of film from the inside of the tank. Collect the water in any cups, jugs, or bowls you find.

Finding food in the city isn't as difficult as it is in the wilderness, but making sure it's edible is a bit trickier than you'd think. Here's how to get food in your stomach in a variety of a situations.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should KnowFEMA recommends keeping at least three days worth of food on hand at all times, but extending that out to at least a full week is a good idea. You want a wide selection of non-perishable foods, but also make sure it's food that won't make you thirsty. They recommend a few cheap staples:

Ready to eat canned meats, fruits, and vegetables.Dry cereal and granola.Peanut Butter.Salt free crackers.Canned juices.

The key is to store foods that will last a long time without refrigeration and don't require cooking. Keep the food in a dry, safe place and make sure every member of your household knows where it is. Photo by Julie & Heidi.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should Know For the MacGyver type, a lack of electricity isn't enough to stop a good meal from getting cooked. As the video to the left shows, you can cook a hot dog with a battery and some cables. Here's a few more ideas:

Find charcoal or gas grills to cook anything you find in a fridge or hack together a bread recipe with a few common household items.Make a solar oven from cardboard, tin foil, plastic, glue, scissors, and a stick. Solar cooking typically takes longer than a conventional oven, but it's better than nothing.If you have electricity but no gas, learn to cook with a dishwasher or coffee maker.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should Know Any good survivalist knows how to properly dumpster dive. Like the forager in the wilderness, it's about finding edible food sitting in plain sight. As with any food scavenging, the key is to find food that won't get you sick. A few simple tips for knowing what's safe in a dumpster will help you along your way:

Seek out sealed containers of non-perishable food with dents or dings from super market trash cans.Stay away from dairy and meat because bacteria grows easily.Look for packaged food like chips, cookies, juice, and breads.Most foods are not safe to eat with mold on them, but according to the United States Department of Agriculture, a few meats, cheeses, and firm vegetables are salvageable.

Eventually, you're bound to run out of food and water. To keep that from happening, you need to know how to get rescued.

MacGyver, Survivalist, or Stockpiler: The Urban Survival Skills Everyone Should KnowKnowing when or if you're going to get rescued is one of the most difficult survival problems, but Dr. Bradley suggests the best option is to stay where you are and utilize what you have to create a rescue signal. Here's a few ideas for different types of signals.

Even if you're safely hunkered down at home you may still need to signal for help. A pack of emergency flares like these provide the easiest, most visible signal to rescuers looking for people.

If you're stranded you need to make loud, obnoxious noises to call attention to yourself and nothing is more obnoxious than an air horn. You can build your own with nothing but a knife, a film canister, a balloon, and a straw.

Grab any large items you have available and make signs on the roof of a house or an open field that spell out "help." Use bright objects like tarps, clothes, or blankets. This ensures any planes or helicopters will notice you. You can do the same by hanging a sign out of an apartment building window or on your front lawn. Photo by claire rowland.

It's best to take a few tips from each of the different survivor types and turn yourself into an all-purpose urban survival master, but knowing your own skill set and strength can help you focus your attention on what matters. You never know when you'll need these skills, whether it's after a natural disaster, when your city gets snowed in, or even if you're just stranded for a night with no wallet or keys. Have any urban survival tips of your own? Share them in the comments.

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Wednesday, February 29, 2012

Scared of Anonymous? NSA chief says you should be

Scared of Anonymous? NSA chief says you should be | The Digital Home - CNET News CNET News @import "http://i.i.com.com/cnwk.1d/Ads/common/css/SponsoredTextLink/sponsoredTextLink.live.css"; Manage Packages With UPS My Choice Home Reviews Cell Phones Camcorders Digital Cameras Laptops TVs Car Tech Forums Appliances Cell Phone Accessories Components Desktops E-book Readers Games and Gear GPS Hard Drives & Storage Headphones Home Audio Home Video Internet Access Monitors MP3 Players Networking and Wi-Fi Peripherals Printers Software Tablets Web Hosting You are here: News Latest News Mobile Startups Cutting Edge Media Security Business Tech Health Tech Crave Apple Microsoft Politics & Law Gaming & Culture Blogs Video Photos RSS Download Windows Software Mac Software Mobile Apps Web Apps The Download Blog CNET TV How To Computers Home Theater Smartphones Tablets Web Marketplace Log In | Join Log In Join CNET Sign in with My profile Log out .mad_center {text-align:center;} .mad_center div, .mad_center table, .mad_center iframe, .mad_center a img {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;}
CNET News The Digital Home Scared of Anonymous? NSA chief says you should be Don Reisinger by Don Reisinger February 21, 2012 5:59 AM PST

The director of the National Security Agency says the hacktivist group is growing more powerful and could eventually attack our power grid. So beware.

Anonymous has so far plied its trade in "hactivist" exploits. But according to the director of the National Security Agency, it might soon turn its focus to U.S. infrastructure.

According to the Wall Street Journal, citing sources, Gen. Keith Alexander has said in private meetings at the White House and elsewhere that the U.S. must keep a close eye on Anonymous' growth. He reportedly warned that if the organization continues to gain power, it might even take down a part of the U.S. power grid within the next couple of years.

How serious might such an attack on the power grid be? An industry official speaking to the Journal said that the U.S. grid has backups in place to safeguard against attacks. For a limited period of time, however, it could cause trouble.

The NSA's concerns about Anonymous underscore the power the loosely affiliated group of individuals has secured in recent months. The organization played a role in the scandal surrounding WikiLeaks founder Julian Assange, retaliating after Assange's bank accounts were frozen and methods of donations cut off by credit card companies and payment services like PayPal. Anonymous has continued to target individuals and organizations, all with the goal of embarrassing them or revealing what it believes is are injustices.

Anonymous has made no indication that it plans to attack the power grid. And its hacks, while decried by government officials, are celebrated by others who say the group is acting on the average citizen's behalf.

Related storiesDDoS attacks spread to vulnerable IPv6 InternetAnonymous invites CIA, others to its weekend partyHackers hit CIA, UN Web sitesMaking DDoS prevention a priorityKeeping up with the hackers (chart)

Lately, however, Anonymous has turned its attention toward governments. Earlier this month, the hacking collective claimed to have taken down the CIA's Web site, as well as sites for the Mexican Senate and Interior Ministry. The group also revealed that it accessed identifying information, including Social Security numbers and criminal records, of 46,000 Alabama residents.

Those hacks came just days after Anonymous released hundreds of e-mails purported to come from Syrian President Bashar al Assad's office.

Securing the electrical grid from both hackers and other governments has been a concern for years. So far, however, the U.S. government can't quite decide which agency should be charged with managing its security.

In December, MIT researchers issued a report saying that a single federal agency should be safeguarding the electrical grid. The Obama Administration has argued that the Department of Homeland Security should handle the task, while members of Congress have called on the Department of Energy or Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to take over.

Regardless, MIT isn't convinced that the threats to the electrical grid are something to be too concerned about. The researchers said that only complacency could lead to its downfall.

"Between now and 2030, the electric grid will confront significant new challenges and inevitably undergo major changes," the researchers said. "Despite alarmist rhetoric, there is no crisis here. But we do not advise complacency."